CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) is one of the most effective treatments for obstructive sleep apnea. But just like anything else, there can sometimes be some minor problems. The following are a list of symptoms that may occur with CPAP use and some tips that may help.

WHEN TO USE CPAP:
In order to receive the full benefits of CPAP treatment, your CPAP machine must be used whenever you are asleep. This includes all naps. Furthermore, the mask must remain over your nose for the entire length of sleep. If you wake up and the mask is off, be sure to place it over your nose again before going back to sleep.

BENEFITS OF CPAP:
There are several important reasons why your doctor has prescribed CPAP treatment for you. Many people notice a decrease in sleepiness and an increase in energy level. These effects may not be immediate so do not be concerned if you do not experience them right away. Another important benefit of CPAP treatment is decreased risk for serious medical problems caused by untreated sleep apnea. These can include hypertension, heart and lung problems, and stroke. Even if CPAP use does not significantly decrease your sleepiness, its continued use is very important in order to protect yourself from the other medical problems sleep apnea can cause.

Nasal Discomforts
Nasal stuffiness is one of the most common complaints with CPAP. It often occurs in the beginning, when a patient’s nose is getting used to the airflow of the CPAP device. Often this stuffiness disappears within a month.

An itchy, runny nose, nosebleeds and nose dryness are often fixed by applying a few drops of nasal saline solution in each nostril before bed. This solution can be obtained at a local pharmacy without a prescription.
Some CPAP users prefer taking antihistamines or decongestants for their nasal problems. However, these should only be used for a few days since they can be habit-forming and can make nasal problems worse when withdrawn.

Other prescription medications are available as well such as sprays especially used for those with nasal allergies.

A specially designed humidifier is often a great source of relief for nasal problems. A humidifier can be connected to a CPAP device to add moisture. You can get either cool air humidifiers or warm air humidifiers. If one does not work, try the other. These humidifiers need to be prescribed by a health care professional.

Mouth Discomforts
A dry mouth or pain in the throat can be caused by air blowing through an open mouth. It is important to keep the mouth closed when using CPAP. Therefore, there are chin straps available for this purpose. An alternative to a chin strap, is to get a mask which covers both the nose and the mouth. Humidifiers can also help relieve these symptoms.

Mask Air Leaks
Red eyes, return of snoring, return of apnea, or just feeling like the CPAP is no longer working, are all signs that a mask may have an air leak. Air leaks are most often due to a poorly fitted mask. Sometimes a different mask or a different size is all that is needed. Remember to always check the mask to make sure it is not worn out or torn. Also consider the use of chin strap. If this does not help, there are masks which can fit inside the nose, such as nasal pillows.

Soreness of the Eyes
Sore, dry, red eyes are often the result of a mask leak. Try readjusting the headgear.

Noisy Machines
All CPAP machines make some noise. The newer models are much quieter than the older ones. Try placing the machine under the bed or on the floor to help eliminate some of the sound.

Redness of the Face
The mask may be pressed too tightly to the patient’s face if they have red areas or sores on or above the bridge of the nose or on their forehead. If you need to loosen the mask so much that leaks develop, check to see if the mask is the right type and size and is properly fitted. There are spacers and air cushions which can help ease pressure against the skin.

If you think it may be an allergy to the mask, do a simple test: Place some paper tape over the areas where the mask touches skin. If the problem is eliminated, it may be an allergy. Find a new mask, most CPAP masks are now made of hypoallergenic materials.

Too Much Air
It is difficult sometimes to adjust to the air pressure at first. However, if the pressure is too great for the patient to fall asleep especially when they wake up and the pressure has been increased, try ramping the pressure by decreasing the pressure and increasing back up when the patient falls asleep. The patient should be recommended a CPAP machine that has ramp capability.

Difficulty Exhaling
If the patient has continued difficulty breathing out when using CPAP, you may need to switch to a BiLevel machine. This machine delivers a lower pressure upon exhalation so that breathing out is easier.

Cold Nose
Air is cooled as it moves through the hose tubing. Try increasing the room temperature first. Second, to reduce heat loss, try putting the hose under a blanket.

Dentures
Some people find that the mask fits better if they sleep with their dentures in.

Claustrophobia
To combat feelings of claustrophobia, have patient spend some time practicing with CPAP. They should use it while awake for a while or during the day if possible. Try relaxation exercises. Switching mask styles will sometimes help.

IF PROBLEMS OCCUR:
If you experience any problems with CPAP that cause you to stop using it, call your home care company representative and/or the sleep center at 843-871-4006. If you experience difficulty contacting your home care company or they are unable to resolve your concerns, please call the sleep center. Many commons problems with CPAP can be eliminated or reduced with only minor adjustment. Examples of such problems which may or may not occur in your individual case include nasal congestion, nasal dryness, mask irritation, finding your mask fallen off, or machine malfunction. Please do not stop using your CPAP machine without contacting your physician.